What is the most common tree species in Finland?
The most common tree species in Finland is pine (Pinus sylvestris), which accounts for roughly half of the growing stock in Finland’s forests. Pine is widespread throughout the country and is especially common on dry and barren lands such as fens and ridges. It has adapted well to Finland’s climate and soil, which makes it a vibrant and durable tree species.
Properties of pine
Pine is an evergreen coniferous tree that can grow up to 30-40 meters high. Its trunk is straight and the bark is thick and scaly, which protects the tree from fire damage and insects. Pine needles are long and sharp, and they grow in pairs. Pine cones are elongated and ripen within two years.
Pine distribution
Pine occurs all over Finland, but it is especially common in northern and eastern Finland. In southern Finland, pine grows the most on dry and sandy soils. It has adapted to very different growing places, and it is also a common tree species in reforestation because it grows quickly and is easy to care for.
The importance of pine for forestry
Pine is a very important tree species for Finnish forestry. It is a valuable raw material for the sawmill industry, pulp and paper manufacturing, and the wood products industry. Pine wood is durable and versatile, which makes it a popular material in construction, furniture making and the carpentry industry. The export of pine timber brings significant income to the Finnish economy, and forestry employs a large number of people across the country.
The ecological role of pine
Pine provides a habitat for many animal and plant species. Its needles and cones are food for many forest animals, such as squirrels and birds. Pine’s root system binds the soil and prevents erosion, and many species of undergrowth grow in its shade.
