What is Finland’s national tree?
Finland’s national tree is iron birch (Betula pendula). Birch was chosen as Finland’s national tree in 1988, and it is one of the most common tree species in Finland. The iron birch is known for its beautiful, white bark and graceful appearance. It is also an important part of Finnish nature and culture.
Features of iron birch
The iron birch is a medium-sized tree that can grow up to 30 meters high. Its leaves are triangular and serrated, and they turn a beautiful yellow in autumn. The trunk of the iron birch is smooth and white when young, but becomes darker and cracked as it ages.
Distribution and habitat
Raudusbirch grows wild in almost all of Finland, except for the northernmost parts of Lapland. It thrives best in bright and dry places, such as forest edges, meadows and logging areas. Iron birch is a pioneer species that quickly takes over open areas and creates favorable conditions for other plants.
Cultural significance
Rauduskoivu plays a significant role in Finnish culture and folklore. Birch branches are used to make, for example, sauna heaters, and birch sap has traditionally been used as a drink and medicine. The white bark of the birch has also inspired many artists and poets.
Use of iron birch
Iron birch is used versatilely for different purposes. Its wood is hard and durable, so it is used, for example, to make furniture, parquet and plywood. Birch bark and leaves are also used in handicrafts and decorative items.
