What is the legal system?
The legal system is the foundation of society, which consists of rules, institutions and procedures, by means of which justice and fairness are maintained and implemented. It is a complex entity that encompasses legislation, administration and enforcement. The purpose of the legal system is to ensure that members of society obey the laws and that their rights are protected.
Parts of the legal system
The legal system consists of several different parts that work together to ensure justice. These parts include:
- Legislation: Legislative bodies such as parliament make laws that define what is allowed and what is not. Laws are the basis of the legal system.
- Jurisdiction: Courts and other legal bodies interpret and apply laws in individual cases. Courts settle disputes and impose penalties for breaking the law.
- Enforcement: Police and other authorities monitor compliance with laws and enforce court decisions. They have the authority to arrest, investigate and charge those suspected of crimes.
Principles of the legal system
The legal system is based on several key principles that ensure its functionality and fairness. These principles include, among others:
- Principle of legality: All actions and decisions must be based on the law. This means that the authorities cannot act arbitrarily, but must comply with existing laws.
- Fair trial: Everyone has the right to have their case heard in an impartial court. This includes the right to be heard, a fair hearing and the right to appeal the decision.
- Equality before the law: All people must be treated equally and without discrimination before the law. This means that no one may be favored or discriminated against, for example, on the basis of gender, race or religion.
- Rule of law: The legal system must be predictable and consistent. This means that laws and legal procedures are clear and applied consistently.
Importance of the legal system
The legal system is an integral part of a democratic society. It protects the rights and freedoms of individuals, maintains social order and promotes justice. Without a functioning legal system, society could drift into chaos and arbitrariness.
The legal system also enables economic activity and trading, as it creates trust and predictability. Companies and individuals can be confident that contracts will be followed and that in the event of disputes there is an impartial body to resolve disputes.
You can find additional information about the legal system, for example, on The website of the Finnish judiciary and Wikipedia.
